U.S. Rep. John Murtha, D-Pa.

Rep. John P. Murtha, D-Pa., who represented Pennsylvania's 12th district for 36 years, died Monday at the age of 77.

Murtha earned considerable influence in Congress as head of the powerful House Defense Appropriations subcommittee. He used his position of power to secure billions in federal tax dollars for his district, which has struggled with the widespread loss of coal and steel jobs, but came under intense scrutiny for his ties to companies for which he has secured earmarks.

Murtha, who joined Congress in 1974, was the first Vietnam War combat veteran elected to the House. After 19 terms, he was one of the longest-serving members of the House and the eighth-most senior member. He was also the longest-serving member from Pennsylvania.

As a Democrat from a socially-conservative, pro-union region of western Pennslyvania, Murtha largely voted with his party and was for the most part in tune with his constituents. A respected authority on defense and national security issues, Murtha earned attention in 2005 for strongly speaking out against the Iraq war.

His strong statements on the war in Iraq worked against Murtha in his 2008 re-election campaign, in which he came under fire for calling his constituents "redneck" and "racist." He managed to prevail, however, in the district to which he brought tens of thousands of jobs. Murtha took Pennsylvania's 12th district, which includes his hometown of Johnstown, "in a new direction, intent on diversifying the economy by attracting health care, defense, medical research, tourism and high-tech jobs," according to his congressional Web site.

While Murtha's dealmaking brought jobs to his district, it also brought on a barrage of controversy as questions emerged about his ties to the companies that benefited from his earmarks. The lobbying firm the PMA Group, for instance, closed in 2009 after an the FBI raided its offices as part of an investigation into whether PMA's founder improperly funded campaign contributions to Murtha and other members of Congress.

Relatively early in Murtha's career he gained notoriety for his involvement in the 1980 Abscam scandal where undercover FBI agents posed as Saudi businessmen and tried to bribe members of Congress. Murtha, did not accept a bribe, but seemed to leave that door open for the future in videos of the exchange. Murtha was never charged and was ultimately absolved of any wrongdoing by the House ethics committee.

Murtha had a close relationship with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif. After Democrats took back the House in 2006, Pelosi endorsed Murtha, over then-minority whip Steny Hoyer, D-Md., for the position of Majority Leader. But the Democrats' election promise to change the "culture of corruption" seemed shallow to many members if they elected Murtha who had such strong, and often-criticized, ties to lobbyists. Hoyer ultimately prevailed.

Murtha's service in Congress was preceded by four years as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, as well as a 37-year career in the U.S. Marine Corps. He retired from the Marine Corps Reserve as a colonel in 1990 with a number of distinctions, including the Navy Distinguished Service Medal, two Purple Hearts and the Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry.

"

John Murtha in intensive care

Murtha’s congressional office confirmed that he underwent scheduled laparoscopic surgery to remove his gallbladder at Bethesda Naval Hospital last week. The congressman’s spokesman refused comment on his condition or what sent him back to the hospital but two persons said it appeared Murtha’s intestine had been cut inadvertently during the gall bladder removal.

The Virginia Hospital Center in Arlington confirmed that the 77-year-old Democrat was a patient in its intensive care unit but referred all questions about his condition to his family.

"